How did the Russians use their environment to defeat the French?

The Russians utilized their harsh winter climate and vast, rugged terrain to their advantage against the French during the 1812 invasion. As French troops advanced, they faced extreme cold, which severely weakened their morale and combat effectiveness. Additionally, Russian tactics included scorched earth, retreating while burning supplies and resources, which left the French army unsupported and vulnerable. These strategies contributed significantly to the ultimate failure of Napoleon's campaign in Russia.