How do people become disenfranchised?

People become disenfranchised when they are systematically excluded from participating in political, social, or economic processes. This can occur due to various factors, such as discriminatory laws, socioeconomic barriers, lack of access to education, or voter suppression tactics. Additionally, marginalized groups may face obstacles that prevent them from having their voices heard or their needs addressed, leading to a sense of powerlessness and alienation. Ultimately, disenfranchisement undermines democratic participation and social cohesion.