What is the difference between a modem and a NIC card?

A modem is a device that modulates and demodulates analog signals for transmitting data over telephone lines, cable lines, or fiber optic connections. It is used to connect a computer to the internet or a network service provider. On the other hand, a Network Interface Card (NIC) is a hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network. It provides the physical interface between the computer and the network medium, such as Ethernet cables or wireless signals. In summary, a modem is used for internet connectivity, while a NIC card is used for local network connectivity.