What are some other forces that continue division among European Union?

Several forces contribute to ongoing divisions within the European Union, including economic disparities among member states, differing national interests, and varying attitudes toward Immigration and integration. The rise of nationalist and populist movements in several countries has also fueled skepticism about EU governance and policies. Additionally, challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical tensions, like relations with Russia, exacerbate these divisions by highlighting differing priorities and responses among member states.