How do you run induction motor above rated speed?

From the ordinary A.C. mains - you can't.

The induction motor tries to run at a speed determined by the AC mains frequency supplied to it - in the U.S. it's trying to run at some fraction of 3600 r.pm., here in Australia, it's some fraction of 3000 r.p.m.

The problem is that the motor relies on the stationary winding (stator)'s magnetic field inducing an opposing magnetic field in the rotating rotor. This can only happen if there is a slight speed difference between the two magnetic fields - this is "slip".

Slip increases with increasing load - the motor slows when you load it.

High-tech motor controllers create a variable-frequencysupply. Such controllers can output an AC supply at a higher frequency than the mains, so it's possible to make the motor run above its "nameplate" speed.

This is not usually done - the rotor is designed for a maximum r.p.m., higher r.p.m.s pose the risk of destroying the rotor due to excessive "centrifugal" forces.