During photosynthesis, plants primarily utilize light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process involves the chlorophyll pigment in plant cells, which captures light energy and transforms it into chemical energy stored in glucose. The overall reaction can be summarized by the equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. Thus, the form of energy used by plants during photosynthesis is light energy.
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