How did the allies defeat Germany and itály?

The Allies defeated Germany and Italy through a combination of strategic military campaigns, superior resources, and effective coordination among the Allied forces. Key operations included the D-Day invasion of Normandy in 1944, which opened a western front in Europe, and the relentless push of Soviet forces from the east. In North Africa and Italy, Allied forces engaged in a series of battles that gradually weakened Axis control. Additionally, the Allies' industrial capacity and supply chain superiority allowed them to outlast and outproduce their enemies, ultimately leading to their surrender in 1945.