The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely related to its molar mass, according to Graham's law of effusion. Therefore, a heavier gas, such as xenon (Xe) or carbon dioxide (CO₂), would have a lower rate of effusion compared to lighter gases like helium or hydrogen. Among common gases, xenon, with a high molar mass of approximately 131.3 g/mol, would be expected to have one of the lowest rates of effusion.
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