During the Cultural Revolution, the Red Guards were primarily composed of enthusiastic young students, particularly high school and college students. They were motivated by Mao Zedong's call to challenge the "Four Olds" (old customs, culture, habits, and ideas) and to root out perceived bourgeois elements in society. Additionally, some workers and peasants joined the movement, aligning with the Red Guards' revolutionary fervor and goals. This collective effort aimed to reinforce Mao's ideology and transform Chinese society.
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