The Missouri Compromise was passed due to a combination of factors, including the growing tension between slave and free states as the nation expanded westward. Politicians sought to maintain a delicate balance in Congress between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions, particularly with Missouri's application for statehood as a slave state. Additionally, the compromise aimed to appease both sides by allowing Missouri to enter as a slave state while Maine entered as a free state, establishing a boundary for slavery in the Louisiana Territory. This compromise represented a temporary solution to the escalating conflict over slavery in the United States.
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