King Philip II of Spain played a significant role in the Catholic Reformation, primarily through his leadership and support for the Counter-Reformation efforts in Spain and its territories. His reign from 1556 to 1598 saw the strengthening of Catholicism in Spain, as he sought to combat Protestantism and enforce religious uniformity. Philip II supported the Spanish Inquisition and the establishment of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), which aimed to reform and revitalize the Catholic Church.
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