Are women physically weaker than men?

First, how do we define who's physically stronger? Is it the one who can carry the heaviest load?

Or do we have a more complex definition of "weak" and "strong"? Lifting weights proportional to body weight perhaps? Do we add in endurance, tolerance to hardship?

Then we have the crucial issue, does it reallymatter?

If we set "stronger" as being able to lift the heaviest weight, then the answer is that there are basic anatomical and biological differences that make men able to develop, sustain and use more muscle mass than women. Basic anatomy and statistics on work/sports related injuries tells us this, and no political agenda is going to change that.

So if you take an average man and an average woman, equally motivated and dedicated, and have them both train as hard as they can - then the man will end up stronger.

But if the comparison stands between a dedicated woman, and a not-so dedicated man, then that will be enough to close the gap and even put the woman on top.

And, does it matter?

Today physical strength and endurance plays very little role in our everyday lives for the majority of us. So if neither men or women actually use the maximum strength(or anything near it) then from a practical standpoint it doesn't matter who's the strongest. Enough is enough, having more than you need in a given situation won't bring any advantage.

Besides, what to do about it? A strong man is likely to be stronger than a strong woman, but a strong woman is likely to be stronger than an average man - so individual specifics can outweigh gender characteristics.

But still, if I was an employer looking for employees capable of heavy lifting, then I'd definitely prefer to recruit males. The statistics are clear on this - women can perform well short term, but they get injured far more often.
It goes for firefighters, police officers having to manhandle suspects, paramedics, nurses, (infantry) soldiers, the very rare female logger ASO.
The mechanics are simple, a lift that is 75% of the male max capacity is something like 95% of female max - and with shrinking margins the injuries come more often.

We live in a complex world, women can be just as good as men at getting the job done, but regularly men are better at it. Also if it's down to sheer muscle, then there is a definite male advantage.