What were Martin Luthers ideas of the relationship between church and state?

Martin Luther believed in a distinction between the roles of church and state, advocating that each has its own domain and responsibilities. He argued that the church should focus on spiritual matters, such as preaching the Gospel and administering sacraments, while the state should maintain order and justice. Luther emphasized that both institutions should work in harmony, but he rejected the idea of the church holding temporal power or controlling civil governance. This perspective laid the groundwork for the development of modern understandings of religious freedom and the separation of church and state.