How does the ANS regulate organs that do not have dual innervation?

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) can regulate organs without dual innervation primarily through the release of neurotransmitters from sympathetic fibers. For instance, in organs like the adrenal medulla, sympathetic activation can lead to the release of adrenaline, which modulates organ function. Additionally, the ANS can exert control over these organs by adjusting the frequency and intensity of sympathetic signals, allowing for a range of physiological responses even in the absence of parasympathetic input.