Who was the first black person to win an Oscar in the motion picture industry?

The first Black person to win an Oscar in the motion picture industry was Hattie McDaniel. She received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Mammy in "Gone with the Wind" at the 12th Academy Awards held in 1940. McDaniel's historic win marked a significant moment in Oscar history, although she faced considerable racism and segregation during the ceremony.