In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the five biggest causes of death included Infectious Diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, and influenza, which were rampant due to limited medical knowledge and sanitation practices. Other significant causes were Heart disease and stroke, which became more prevalent with urbanization and lifestyle changes. Additionally, accidents and injuries, as well as complications from childbirth, contributed to high mortality rates during this period. The introduction of vaccines and antibiotics in the mid-20th century began to shift these trends significantly.
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