How are alleles distributed to gametes during meiosis?

During meiOSis, alleles are distributed to gametes through two key processes: segregation and independent assortment. In meiOSis I, homologous chromosomes separate, ensuring that each gamete receives one allele from each gene pair. Additionally, during meiOSis I, the random orientation of homologous chromosome pairs leads to independent assortment, where the distribution of one pair of alleles is independent of others. This results in genetically diverse gametes, each containing a unique combination of alleles.