What is the basic part of the computer and its function?

Hardware is physical part of a computer and software is piece of code that runs the computer. For instance, violin is hardware and music is the software.

New modern computers used small electronic components, which can be imprinted on the surface of silicon chip.

The most generally used electronic component is transistor.

Transistor work as a like a amplifying valve for a flow of electrons.

The transistor is a solid-state device, which has no moving parts. Basically, it is a building block for constructing more complex electronic components.

Vacuum tube was used before the invention of transistor.

Since than transistor have been made smaller and smaller and making more and more of them to be imprinted on silicon chips.

Central processing units is referred to as a

“brain” of computers.

It is hardware with in a computer and carries out the instruction of computer program.

CPU runs the code and manipulates the data, while components have quite more passive roles.

For instance storing data.

In older days, CPU requires one or more printed circuit board.

After the invention of microprocessor, CPU could be remained with in silicon chips.

There are two main components of CPU, arithmetic logic unit which performs the arithmetical and logical side and control unit which carry the instruction from memory, decodes and process them.

Random Access memory is temporary storage device.

Random access memory let any data to store and access quickly in random order while in other storage device such as Hard disk, CDs, and DVDs etc. read and write the data only in predetermined order. It is because of mechanical design limitation.

The main features of RAM are that it can keep its state as long as power is on.

Hard drive is a long-term storage for bytes as files and folders.

The hard disk drive read the write the magnetic patterns magnetic patterns on a spinning metal disk to store data.

Flash drive is also a solid-state drive with silicon chips to store bytes.

In both case, hard disk drive or flash drive maintain its state of storage even when the power is turn off.