How do you measure the rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant?

The rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant can be measured by assessing the production of oxygen or the uptake of carbon dioxide. One common method involves using a dissolved oxygen probe to measure the oxygen levels in water before and after a set period of light exposure. Alternatively, the production of oxygen bubbles in a submerged aquatic plant can be counted over time, as a higher rate of bubble production indicates increased photosynthesis. Other methods include using a spectrophotometer to measure changes in chlorophyll fluorescence or carbon dioxide concentration.