How do microwaves travel through the earth atmosphere?

Microwaves travel through the Earth's atmosphere as electromagnetic waves, which can propagate through the air with minimal obstruction. Their relatively short wavelengths allow them to penetrate clouds, fog, and light rain, making them effective for various applications, such as communication and radar. However, factors like humidity and atmospheric conditions can affect their propagation, leading to attenuation or scattering in certain scenariOS.