Why are secularism and fundamentalism areas of inquiry for geographers?

Secularism and fundamentalism are areas of inquiry for geographers because they involve understanding the spatial distribution, influence, and impact of different ideologies, beliefs, and practices within societies. Geographers study how these ideologies manifest in physical landscapes, shape social structures, and influence human behaviors at local, regional, and global scales. By examining the spatial dimensions of secularism and fundamentalism, geographers contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between religion, politics, culture, and society.