What is the original function of Edinburgh?

Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, originally served as a fortified settlement and a strategic military stronghold due to its advantageous position atop Castle Rock. Over time, it evolved into a center of governance, culture, and education, particularly during the Scottish Enlightenment. The city became known for its universities and intellectual contributions, solidifying its role as a key hub in Scotland's historical and political landscape. Today, it retains its significance as a cultural and administrative center.