Who invested the modern ballpoint pen?

The modern ballpoint pen was invented by Laszlo Biro, a Hungarian-Argentinian journalist, in 1938. He developed it to create a pen that would write smoothly without smudging, as traditional fountain pens often did. Biro's design featured a tiny ball bearing in the pen's tip that rotated to dispense ink, leading to a more reliable writing instrument. His invention was marketed and popularized through the Biro Pen Company, and the ballpoint pen has since become a ubiquitous writing tool worldwide.