How are eye defects occur?

Eye defects can occur due to a variety of factors, including genetic predispositions, environmental influences, and aging. Common defects, such as myopia (nearsightedness) or hyperopia (farsightedness), often arise from the shape of the eyeball or lens. Additionally, diseases like cataracts or glaucoma can develop over time, affecting vision. Injuries or infections can also lead to various eye conditions, further impacting sight.