Why the vessel is floating?

A vessel floats due to the principle of buoyancy, which states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. When the weight of the vessel is less than the weight of the water it displaces, it will float. Additionally, the design and shape of the vessel create a sufficient volume to displace enough water, allowing it to stay afloat despite its weight. This balance between buoyancy and gravity is what keeps the vessel on the surface.