The thermosphere and mesosphere are distinct layers of Earth's atmosphere, differentiated primarily by their altitude and temperature characteristics. The mesosphere, located above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, extends from about 50 to 85 kilometers (31 to 53 miles) above sea level, where temperatures decrease with altitude. In contrast, the thermosphere, which lies above the mesosphere, extends from approximately 85 kilometers to 600 kilometers (53 to 373 miles) and experiences a significant increase in temperature due to the absorption of high-energy solar radiation. Additionally, the thermosphere is where phenomena like the auroras occur and contains a small amount of ionized particles, contributing to its unique properties.
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