What were the major effects of Urbanization?

Urbanization has led to significant economic growth by concentrating labor and resources in cities, fostering innovation and industry. However, it has also resulted in challenges such as overcrowding, inadequate housing, and increased pollution. Socially, urbanization can create opportunities for cultural exchange, but it may also exacerbate inequalities and disrupt traditional communities. Additionally, urban areas often face infrastructure strains, impacting transportation, healthcare, and public services.