Positives:
- The passing of three constitutional amendments, the 13th, 14th, and 15th which gave all African-Americans born in the U.S full citizenship, the right to vote, and equal protection under the law.
- Improvements in roads, bridges and railroads
-Hospitals and schools were built
- The Freedmen's Bureau was established and assisted distressed freedmen
Negatives:
- African-Americans were treated worse than second-class citizens
- The Reconstruction caused most of the South to become bitter towards the North, and they formed the 'Solid South'
- The economic policies during and immediately after the Reconstruction era favoured the Northern industrial interests at the expense of the Southern agrarian interests
- The temporary use of the 'Black Codes' in the South, which limited the rights and civil liberties of African-Americans
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