Why are horizontal bent up necessary in masonry building?

Horizontal bent-up bars in masonry buildings are essential for enhancing structural integrity and load distribution. They help to counteract tensile forces that occur due to vertical loads and lateral forces, such as wind or seismic activity. By providing additional reinforcement at critical points, bent-up bars improve the overall stability and ductility of the masonry, preventing potential cracking or failure. Additionally, they facilitate better bonding between masonry units and reinforce connections between different structural elements.