What does a chord inversion mean?

A chord inversion refers to the rearrangement of the notes in a chord so that a note other than the root is the lowest pitch. In a root position, the root note is the lowest, while in first inversion, the third is the lowest, and in second inversion, the fifth is the lowest. Inversions create different harmonic textures and can enhance the smoothness of voice leading in music. They are essential for adding variety and depth to chord progressions.