In response to the launch of Sputnik, the U.S. established the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1958 to coordinate its civilian space efforts. The U.S. also increased funding for science and engineering education, leading to initiatives like the National Defense Education Act, which aimed to boost the number of graduates in these fields. Additionally, the U.S. intensified its investment in research and development for aerospace technologies, including projects like the Mercury and Apollo programs, to regain technological superiority in space exploration.
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