How does a tilt-shift lens work to create the miniature effect in photography?

A tilt-shift lens works by allowing the photographer to control the angle of the lens in relation to the camera sensor. By tilting and shifting the lens, the photographer can manipulate the plane of focus, creating a shallow depth of field that simulates the look of a miniature model. This effect is achieved by selectively blurring parts of the image while keeping other parts in sharp focus.