Roger Sherman proposed the Great Compromise during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which addressed the concerns of both large and small states by creating a bicameral legislature. In this compromise, the House of Representatives would be based on population, benefiting larger states, while the Senate would have equal representation with two senators from each state, satisfying smaller states. Sherman's approach ensured that all states had a voice in the legislative process, balancing the interests of populous states with those of less populous ones. This framework helped to unify the states under a functional federal government.
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