How many people have phones now?

All of them.

No, seriously, the number of telephones in operation in the US exceeds the number of residents. So, there is more than one telephone per capita, thus statistically everyone owns at least one telephone.

The above answer is true if you assume "everyone in the US" equals "everyone". That aside, there are about five billion phones in the world, among 6.8 billion people. Bear in mind that some people have two phones - one home phone and one mobile - and that there are millions of office and business phones registered to companies etc.