Why are respiratory infections like bronchitis and pneumonia so common in patients with cystic fibrosis?

Respiratory infections like bronchitis and pneumonia are common in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) due to the thick, sticky mucus that accumulates in the lungs, making it difficult to clear pathogens. This mucus creates an ideal environment for bacteria to thrive, leading to recurrent infections and inflammation. Additionally, the impaired immune response in CF patients further increases their susceptibility to respiratory infections. Overall, the combination of mucus buildup and immune challenges significantly contributes to the frequency of these infections.