Why do all maps include a bias?

All maps include a bias because they are representations of complex three-dimensional reality in a two-dimensional format, necessitating simplifications and choices about what to include or emphasize. Factors such as the mapmaker's perspective, cultural influences, and the intended purpose of the map can lead to selective representations. Additionally, different projections distort certain features, affecting how landforms, distances, and relationships are perceived. Consequently, maps are subjective interpretations rather than objective portrayals of the world.