Does a rabies shot protect a dog from getting rabies?

Yes, but you might not want to go through the hassle of transport, etc. with a female in heat in a vets. office. A confined area with other dogs, on leashes (You don't know what their manners are?) could cause quite a stir! But I think most things can be done with a female in heat that can be done with her not. Unless you plan to bred her you might want to consider having her spayed, there are lots of good reasons to do so, and if money is a problem, most vets. will work with you on the costs. It's just really hard to keep unwanted affections from her when she is in heat, especially if you live in a busy area.