Optical storage devices, such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-rays, read and write information using laser technology. When writing data, a laser alters the surface of the disc, creating pits and lands that represent binary information. During the reading process, another laser scans the disc, detecting the changes in reflectivity caused by these pits and lands to retrieve the stored data. This method allows for high-density storage and relatively durable media compared to other formats.
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