How does smokeless gunpowder work?

Smokeless gunpowder, primarily consisting of nitrocellulose and sometimes nitroglycerin, functions by rapidly converting chemical energy into gas upon ignition. When ignited, it produces a large volume of hot gas and heat, which generates high pressure in the firearm's chamber, propelling the bullet down the barrel. Unlike traditional black powder, smokeless gunpowder produces significantly less smoke, allowing for better visibility and performance in shooting. Its efficient combustion and higher energy density contribute to its widespread use in modern ammunition.