What is eutrophication in pond?

Eutrophication in ponds is the process by which water bodies become enriched with nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, often due to runoff from fertilizers, sewage, or wastewater. This nutrient overload stimulates excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants, leading to algal blooms. When these organisms die and decompose, the decomposition process consumes oxygen, resulting in hypoxic conditions that can harm or kill fish and other aquatic life. Ultimately, eutrophication can disrupt the ecosystem balance and degrade water quality.