The initial government of Rome was actually a monarchy. This monarchy lasted for 244 years (753-509 BC) and there were seven kings of Rome. The last king was overthrown in a rebellion because he was a tyrant. The Romans established a republic which lasted for 482 years (509 BC-27 BC). This was followed by 503 years of rule by emperors (27 BC-476 AD) who were absolute rulers a bit like an absolute monarch.
Throughout the Republican period the Romans did not want a king because to them it represented the return of tyranny. The republic was established to prevent the return of tyranny by establishing two annually elected consuls as heads of the Republic. This was designed to prevent power from becoming concentrated in the hands of one man, who could then become a tyrant.
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