How do scientists questions whether animals understand the meaning of the signals they give and receive in the study of animal?

Scientists investigate whether animals understand the meaning of their signals through observational studies and controlled experiments. They analyze the context and outcomes of specific signals, such as vocalizations or gestures, to see if animals respond appropriately in different situations. Additionally, researchers may use techniques like playback experiments, where recorded signals are played back to see if the animals react as if they comprehend the meaning. By comparing responses across species and contexts, scientists can infer the cognitive processes behind animal communication.