What was the Concord of worms?

The Concordat of Worms, established in 1122, was an agreement between Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V that resolved the Investiture Controversy. This conflict centered on whether the church or the emperor had the authority to appoint bishops and abbots. The concordat allowed the emperor to invest bishops with secular authority, while the pope retained the right to appoint them to ecclesiastical office, thus balancing the powers of church and state. This agreement marked a significant moment in the struggle between religious and political authority in medieval Europe.