How brain scans detect ms?

Brain scans, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are crucial for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) as they can reveal lesions or plaques in the brain and spinal cord. These lesions are caused by the demyelination characteristic of MS, where the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers. MRI can also help assess the extent of disease progression and monitor treatment efficacy by detecting new or changing lesions over time. Advanced imaging techniques like diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may also provide insights into the integrity of white matter in the brain.