Can you die from lack of hygiene and sanitation?

Yes, it's happening in Africa everyday. It happened in New Orleans after the hurricanes and everywhere else in the world that has had major natural disasters.

Normally, bad hygiene and sanitation just makes your life very uncomfortable, but in extreme conditions, having so much garbage can make the air very unhealthy to even breath, and that can kill you.

Also, having bad hygiene usually makes you more susceptible to disease, which can kill you.