How does HIV affect muscle tone?

HIV can affect muscle tone through several mechanisms, primarily related to the virus's impact on the immune system and overall health. Chronic inflammation and the direct effects of HIV can lead to muscle wasting and weakness, known as HIV-associated myopathy. Additionally, opportunistic infections and side effects from antiretroviral therapy can further contribute to changes in muscle tone and strength. As a result, individuals living with HIV may experience decreased muscle mass and altered muscle function.