Why did Montesquieu citicized the Catholic Church?

Montesquieu criticized the Catholic Church primarily for its role in promoting despotism and undermining individual freedoms. He believed that the Church's influence often led to the suppression of reason and enlightenment values, which were essential for a just society. Additionally, he argued that the Church's hierarchical structure contributed to social inequality and hindered political liberty. Through his work, Montesquieu advocated for a separation of church and state to ensure the protection of personal liberties and rational governance.