Will you die if you eat 1 year old sauerkraut?

Yes. Every living thing dies, sooner or later we will all take the big nap. Sauerkraut will be here long after we are all gone. But seriously, if the sauerkraut has been properly fermented and stored, it shouldn't have grown any pathogenic organisms. If it is canned sauerkraut, it should last longer than a year. If it is refrigerated kraut, go by the dates on the package. If you are talking about leftovers, use it up within a week.