How CSMA work?

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a network protocol used to manage access to a shared communication medium. It operates by having devices first listen to the channel to determine if it is free (carrier sensing) before attempting to transmit data. If the channel is busy, the device will wait until it becomes free; if it’s clear, the device sends its data. To prevent collisions, CSMA may use techniques like CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) or CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance).