How did the US Civil War affect Tennessee?

The US Civil War had a profound impact on Tennessee, as it was a crucial battleground and the first state to secede from the Union in 1861. The war led to significant destruction of infrastructure and economy, with battles such as Shiloh and Chattanooga taking place on its soil. Additionally, the conflict exacerbated divisions within the state, as loyalties were split between Unionists and Confederates, leading to internal strife and guerrilla warfare. Ultimately, Tennessee's post-war recovery was slow, with deep social and political scars that shaped its future.